The Hidden Risk of Lead in Imported Metal Cookware

A dent, a deep scratch or a worn surface on a favorite pot can look like a cosmetic concern. Why change the pan when it still works like a normal pan? The real concern is what the damage signifies for the state of the cookware.

At Cooking Office, we look at recent FDA concerns regarding certain imported aluminum, brass and aluminum-alloy cookware that can leach lead into food. This doesn’t mean that every scratched metal pan contains lead, but it does explain why the composition of cookware is important.

A Damaged Surface Can Be Harder to Clean

Serious damage might lead to areas where food residue is more difficult to remove entirely.

It will be more difficult to wash and clean a damaged surface. For food establishments, food-contact surfaces should be smooth, nonabsorbent, and free of cracks, chips, pits or similar flaws under the FDA Food Code. 

Some Metal Cookware Can Leach Lead

The bigger concern isn’t just the scratch. The FDA has found that some imported cookware made from aluminum, brass, and aluminum alloys can leach high levels of lead into food.

Alloys affected include those sold under the names Hindalium, Hindolium, Indalium and Indolium. FDA tests found that some goods could leach lead in conditions designed to simulate food use.

That means you can’t determine from looks if cookware is safe. Even a clean-looking pan can need a second inspection over time.

Lead Exposure and Health Risks 

Lead exposure is a health concern, and cookware that releases lead can contribute to a person’s overall lead exposure when the substance enters food. 

Infants and children can be more sensitive because their bodies are smaller and still developing. Exposure can cause issues with cognitive development and lower IQ. Increased exposure can cause symptoms such as: 

• Headaches
• Nausea
• Lethargy or fatigue

Why Damage Should Not Be Ignored 

A damaged pan is not necessarily a lead hazard. But deep scratches, pits, splits, serious corrosion or a deteriorated surface are reasons to consider replacing an old piece of cookware. 

If a piece of cookware is under a warning from the FDA, you should not use it for cooking or storing food. Consumers should not donate or refurbish the affected products, but should dispose of them, the government recommends.

For other cookware, follow the manufacturer’s care guidelines, and consider replacing pans with significant surface damage.

Do Not Judge Cookware by Appearance Alone

A shiny pan isn’t inherently safe, and a dull pan isn’t automatically unsafe. You cannot tell by looking at or tasting food whether you have lead contamination. Testing is needed to determine whether cookware contains or can leach lead. 

If you are concerned about a specific imported metal pan, check the FDA’s current cookware notice for listed products, and do not use any item that is listed in the FDA warning or found to be capable of leaching lead. If you think you may have been exposed to lead, talk with a health care professional about getting tested.